• OUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA: st Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionOUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
link to OUR LADY of PERPETUAL HELP in SŁOMCZYN infoSITE LOGO

Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

  • St SIGISMUND: St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

personal data

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  • MARCHLEWSKI Leonard, source: www.niedziela.diecezja.torun.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOMARCHLEWSKI Leonard
    source: www.niedziela.diecezja.torun.pl
    own collection

religious status

Servant of God

surname

MARCHLEWSKI

forename(s)

Leonard

  • MARCHLEWSKI Leonard - Commemorative plaque, St James the Apostle parish church, Białuty; source: thanks to Fr Gregory Malinowski kindness, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOMARCHLEWSKI Leonard
    Commemorative plaque, St James the Apostle parish church, Białuty
    source: thanks to Fr Gregory Malinowski kindness
    own collection
  • MARCHLEWSKI Leonard - Commemorative plaque, cenotaph, church cemetery, Grzybno, source: nieobecni.com.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOMARCHLEWSKI Leonard
    Commemorative plaque, cenotaph, church cemetery, Grzybno
    source: nieobecni.com.pl
    own collection
  • MARCHLEWSKI Leonard - Commemorative plaque, St John the Baptist and St John the Evangelist cathedral, Toruń, source: gdansk.ipn.gov.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOMARCHLEWSKI Leonard
    Commemorative plaque, St John the Baptist and St John the Evangelist cathedral, Toruń
    source: gdansk.ipn.gov.pl
    own collection
  • MARCHLEWSKI Leonard - Commemorative plaque, porch, Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven cathedral, Pelplin, source: own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOMARCHLEWSKI Leonard
    Commemorative plaque, porch, Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven cathedral, Pelplin
    source: own collection

function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Culm (Chełmno) diocesemore on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2012.11.23]

honorary titles

Ad Honores Spiritual Counselor

date and place
of death

21.06.1940

KL Sachsenhausenconcentration camp
today: Sachsenhausen–Oranienburg, Oberhavel dist., Brandenburg state, Germany

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2018.11.18]

details of death

In the years 1884‑1886 — during German occupation (Prussian partition of Poland) — while studying at the Germ. Königliches Katholisches Gymnasium (Eng. Royal Catholic Gymnasium) in Chojnice, member of the „Mickiewicz” school chapter of the Polish clandestine student self–education Pomeranian Philomaths organization.

After the outbreak of World War I, arrested in 1914 in his Białuty parish by Russian Cossacks — fighting as part of the Imperial Russian Army — who had invaded the territory of Prussia (German–Russian fighting lasted in the area from 08.1914 to 07.1915 and the battle front along the German–Russian border moved many times). Held by the Russians in Mława, c. 12 km away, which was part of the Russian partition before the war. Released thanks to local Catholic priest intervention.

After the armistice between the Allies and Germany signed on 11.11.1918 in the Marshal of France Ferdinand Foch HQ wagon in Compiègne — which meant the end of World War I — member of County People's Council in Chełmno (1918‑1920), de facto taking over power in the Chełmno poviat (after the establishment of the Supreme People's Council in Poznań on 14.11.1918 and announcement of the intent to incorporate the Polish lands that were so far under the control of the possessive German/Prussian state to Poland). Was member of Educational Commission and organized Polish language courses for young people.

After German invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the World War II, after start of German occupation, arrested by Germans on 26.10.1939.

Released on 04.12.1940 but interned in Chełmno monastery instead.

Next from 03.1940 jailed in KL Stutthof concentration camp.

His co‑prisoner, Fr Adalbert Gajdus, remembered his words: „I was worried at home on hearing that so many had been arrested and nobody came for me. I was beyond myself. How is it? Am I worse then them? I was afraid they might have taken me for a German, or their pastor. But they remembered and came for me. How could it be that all were jailed but me? That would be a disgrace in my last years”.

Finally on 09‑10.04.1940 transported from KL Stutthof to KL Sachsenhausen concentration camp where perished, tortured to death by two camp kapos who forced his head into a latrine and beaten him up with a steal wire.

cause of death

extermination: murder / exhaustion

perpetrators

Germans

date and place
of birth

11.08.1866

Chrośletoday: Nowe Miasto Lubawskie gm., Nowe Miasto Lubawskie pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

27.04.1890 (Pelplintoday: Pelplin gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.05.06]
)

positions held

1915 – 1939

parish priest — Grzybnotoday: Unisław gm., Chełmno pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.02.24]
⋄ St Michael the Archangel RC parish ⋄ Chełmżatoday: Chełmża urban gm., Toruń pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

1916 – 1929

dean — Chełmżatoday: Chełmża urban gm., Toruń pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

1903 – 1915

dean — Pomesaniadeanery name
today: Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
RC deanery

1897 – 1915

parish priest — Białutytoday: Iłowo–Osada gm., Działdowo pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St James the Apostle RC parish ⋄ Pomesaniadeanery name
today: Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
RC deanery

vicar — Topolnotoday: Pruszcz gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.02.24]
⋄ Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Świecietoday: Świecie gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

vicar — Gniewtoday: Gniew gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.29]
⋄ St Nicholas the Bishop and Martyr RC parish ⋄ Gniewtoday: Gniew gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.29]
RC deanery

vicar — Grabowotoday: Lubawa gm., Iława pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.29]
⋄ Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish

vicar — Pieniążkowotoday: Gniew gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St John the Baptist RC parish ⋄ Nowealso: Nowe nad Wisłą
today: Nowe gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
RC deanery

vicar — Błędowotoday: Płużnica gm., Wąbrzeźno pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.16]
⋄ St Michael the Archangel RC parish

vicar — Biskupicetoday: Łubianka gm., Toruń pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.02.24]
⋄ St Mary Magdalene RC parish ⋄ Chełmżatoday: Chełmża urban gm., Toruń pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

vicar — Wąbrzeźnotoday: Wąbrzeźno urban gm., Wąbrzeźno pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St Simon and St Judas Thaddaeus the Apostles RC parish

vicar — Tczewtoday: Tczew urban gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ Exaltation of the Holy Cross RC parish ⋄ Tczewtoday: Tczew urban gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

vicar — Lubawatoday: Lubawa urban gm., Iława pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St Anne RC parish ⋄ Lubawatoday: Lubawa urban gm., Iława pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

vicar — Drzycimtoday: Drzycim gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary and All the Saints RC parish ⋄ Świecietoday: Świecie gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

vicar — Świecietoday: Świecie gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St Stanislav the Bishop and Martyr RC parish (main parish)Świecietoday: Świecie gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

vicar — Pucktoday: Puck gm., Puck pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]
⋄ St Peter and St Paul the Apostles RC parish ⋄ Pucktoday: Puck gm., Puck pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]
RC deanery

c. 1887 – 1890

student — Pelplintoday: Pelplin gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.05.06]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Theological Seminary

1886 – c. 1887

student — Münstertoday: Münster urban dist., Münster reg., North Rhine–Westphalia state, Germany
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]
⋄ theology, [Wilhelm University of Westphalia (from 1907) / Royal University of Theology and Philosophy (1902–1907) / Royal Theological and Philosophical Academy] (1843–1902) — studies outside the diocese, due to the closure of the Theological Seminary in Peplin in the years 1876‑1887, caused by the anti–Catholic and anti–Polish German policy, which went down in history as the Kulturkampf

1901 – 1928

membership — Toruńtoday: Toruń city pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.20]
⋄ scientific society

others related
in death

ADAMCZYKClick to display biography Stanislav, BRZĄKAŁAClick to display biography Victor, BURCZYKClick to display biography Felix, BYTOFClick to display biography Peter, CHARSZEWSKIClick to display biography Ignatius, CHYLARECKIClick to display biography Stanislav, CIEMNIAKClick to display biography Louis, CYBULSKIClick to display biography Stanislav, CZAKIClick to display biography Saturnin, CZAPIEWSKIClick to display biography Joseph Leonard, DEMSKIClick to display biography Vladislav, DOERINGClick to display biography Alexander, FIGATClick to display biography Henry, GOŃCZClick to display biography Bernard, GORALClick to display biography Vladislav, GRZEBIELEWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, GUZClick to display biography Joseph Adalbert (Fr Innocent), HEVELKEClick to display biography John, HINZClick to display biography Francis Felix, HINZClick to display biography Thaddeus, JARZĘBSKIClick to display biography Stanislav, JORDANClick to display biography Boleslav, KALINOWSKIClick to display biography Theodore, KARAMUCKIClick to display biography Edmund Vladislav, KARCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Cyril Methodius, KAŹMIERCZAKClick to display biography Bronislav, KLEINClick to display biography John, KOMPFClick to display biography January, KONKOLEWSKIClick to display biography Joachim, KOWNACKIClick to display biography Bronislav, KOZUBEKClick to display biography Roman, KRAUZEClick to display biography Edmund, KRUPIŃSKIClick to display biography Louis, KUBIAKClick to display biography John (Bro. Norbert Mary), KUBICKIClick to display biography Steven, KUBISTAClick to display biography Stanislav, KUPILASClick to display biography Francis, LAPISClick to display biography Casimir, LENARTClick to display biography John, LICZNERSKIClick to display biography Constantine, ŁOSIŃSKIClick to display biography Bernard Anthony, MACIĄTEKClick to display biography Stanislav Peter, MATUSZEWSKIClick to display biography Francis, MĄKOWSKIClick to display biography John, MĘŻNICKIClick to display biography Joseph, MICHNOWSKIClick to display biography Marian John, MITRĘGAClick to display biography Francis, MORKOWSKIClick to display biography Edmund, MOŚCICKIClick to display biography Joseph, NAGÓRSKIClick to display biography Paul Adalbert, NITSCHMANNClick to display biography Adam Robert, NOWAŃSKIClick to display biography Anthony, NOWICKIClick to display biography Alexander, OCHOŃSKIClick to display biography Charles (Fr Chris), OKOŁO–KUŁAKClick to display biography Anthony, PALUCHOWSKIClick to display biography Boleslav, PETRYKOWSKIClick to display biography Steven, PIASZCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Michael, PODLASZEWSKIClick to display biography Francis, POMIANOWSKIClick to display biography Vladislav, RADTKEClick to display biography Steven Boleslav, SĄSAŁAClick to display biography Theodore, SKOBLEWSKIClick to display biography Mieczyslav, SKOWRONClick to display biography Casimir, SOCHACZEWSKIClick to display biography Bronislav Peter, SWINARSKI–PORAJClick to display biography Nicholas, SYNOWIECClick to display biography Boleslav, SZUKALSKIClick to display biography John, SZYMAŃSKIClick to display biography Bruno Peter John, ŚLEDZIŃSKIClick to display biography Joseph, TUSZYŃSKIClick to display biography Joseph, TYMIŃSKIClick to display biography Anthony, WAWRZYNOWICZClick to display biography John, WĄSOWICZClick to display biography Sigismund, WIERZBICKIClick to display biography Sigismund Lawrence, WIERZCHOWSKIClick to display biography Fabian Sebastian, WILLIMSKYClick to display biography Albert, WŁODARCZYKClick to display biography Ignatius, WOHLFEILClick to display biography Robert, WRÓBLEWSKIClick to display biography Bronislav, ZAWISZAClick to display biography Valentine, ZIELIŃSKIClick to display biography Paul Nicholas, ZIEMSKIClick to display biography Alexander Felix, ZIENKOWSKIClick to display biography Vaclav, ŻUCHOWSKIClick to display biography Vaclav

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

KL Sachsenhausen (prisoner no: 21073Click to display biography): In KL Sachsenhausen concentration camp, set up in the former Olympic village in 07.1936, hundreds of Polish priests were held in 1940, before being transported to KL Dachau. Some of them perished in KL Sachsenhausen. Murderous medical experiments on prisoners were carried out in the camp. In 1942‑1944 c. 140 prisoners slaved at manufacturing false British pounds, passports, visas, stamps and other documents. Other prisoners also had to do slave work, for Heinkel aircraft manufacturer, AEG and Siemens among others. On average c. 50,000 prisoners were held at any time. Altogether more than 200,000 inmates were in jailed in KL Sachsenhausen and its branched, out of which tens of thousands perished. Prior to Russian arrival mass evacuation was ordered by the Germans and c. 80,000 prisoners were marched west in so‑called „death marches” to other camps, i.e. KL Mauthausen–Gusen and KL Bergen–Belsen. The camp got liberated on 22.04.1945. After end of armed hostilities Germans set up there secret camp for German prisoners and „suspicious” Russian soldiers. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18]
)

KL Stutthof: In KL Stutthof (then in Eastern Prussian belonging to Germany, today: Sztutowo village) concentration camp, that Germans started to build on 02.09.1939, a day after German invasion of Poland and start of the World War II, Germans held c. 100‑127 thousands prisoners from 28 countries, including 47 thousands women and children. C. 65,000 victims were murdered and exterminated. In the period of 25.01–27.04.1945 in the face of approaching Russian army Germans evacuated the camp. When on 09.05.1945 Russians soldiers entered the camp only 100 prisoners were still there. In an initial period (1939‑40) Polish Catholic priests from Pomerania were held captive there before being transported to KL Dachau concentration camp. Some of them were murdered in KL Stutthof or vicinity (for instance in Stegna forest). Also later some Catholic priests were held in KL Stutthof. (more on: stutthof.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.07.06]
)

Chełmno-klasztor: On 07.11.1939 Germans — as a part of «Intelligenzaktion» aimed at extermination of Polish intelligentsia and ruling classes — interned in Daughters of Charity FdlC monastery in Chełmno more than dozen Polish priests prior to transporting them to KL Stutthof concentration camp. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.03.10]
)

«Intelligenzaktion»: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‑called General Governorate where it was called «AB‑aktion». During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04]
)

Ribbentrop-Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic–pre–Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
, www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
)

Pomeranian Philomaths: Secret societies of Polish youth, aiming at self–education, patriotic in form and content, functioning 1830‑1920, mainly in secondary schools — gymnasia — in Pomerania around Vistula river (Gdańsk Pomerania and Chełmno county), in Prussian–occupied Polish territories (one of the partitions of Poland). On 08.01.1901 Germans conducted a series of interrogations of students at Chełmno, Brodnica and Toruń gymnasiums. On 09‑12.09.1901 the first of court trials of Polish students from those gymnasiums and students of Theological Seminary in Pelplin was held in Toruń. 1 person was sentenced to 3 months in prison, 1 to 2 months, 3 to 6 weeks, 7 to 3 weeks, 2 to 2 weeks, 19 to a week, 2 to 1 day, 10 were reprimanded. 15 were cleared. More definitive penalties were relegations from the schools with so‑called wolf’s ticket, forbidding sentenced students to continue secondary and higher studies in Prussia (Germany). Among those penalized were a few future Catholic priests — those were able to continue their education for the Chełmno diocese bishop, Bp August Rosentreter, refused to relegate students from Theological Seminary. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18]
)

sources

personal:
www.niedziela.diecezja.torun.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23]
, www.niedziela.diecezja.torun.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.12.28]
, baza-nazwisk.deClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.12.28]

bibliographical:
Lubawa County Biographical Lexicon 1244‑2000”, George Szews, 2000
Biographical dictionary of priests of the Chełmno diocese ordained in the years 1821‑1920”, Henry Mross, Pelplin, 1995
original images:
www.niedziela.diecezja.torun.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.12.28]
, nieobecni.com.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
, gdansk.ipn.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.10.02]

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