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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

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  • SOWIŃSKi Joseph; source: Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, „Lexicon of Catholic clergy in USSR in 1917—1939 – Martirology”, ed. Science Society KUL, 1998, Lublin, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOSOWIŃSKi Joseph
    source: Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, „Lexicon of Catholic clergy in USSR in 1917—1939 – Martirology”, ed. Science Society KUL, 1998, Lublin
    own collection

surname

SOWIŃSKi

surname
versions/aliases

SAWIŃSKI

forename(s)

Joseph (pl. Józef)

forename(s)
versions/aliases

John (pl. Jan)

function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Churchmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Zhytomyr diocesemore on
www.catholic-hierarchy.org
[access: 2021.12.19]

Tiraspol diocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.11.14]

Włocławek ie. Kalisz diocese

date and place
of death

24.11.1937

Tashkenttoday: Tashkent reg., Uzbekistan

alt. dates and places
of death

1937 (after)

details of death

Participant of Greater Poland Uprising of 1918‑9.

Next participant of Polish–Russian war of 1919‑21 — chaplain of the Polish Army.

According to some sources taken POW by the Russians; according to other voluntarily crossed over to Russia to minister to the Poles living there.

Arrested by the Russians on 29.03.1927 in Kuniv.

Sentenced by a criminal Russian OGPU Council kangaroo court to 5 years in Russian slave labour concentration camps.

Held in Zhytomyr and then in Kiev, and next in Butyrki prison in Moscow.

On 16.05.1928 transferred to SLON Solovetsky Islands concentration camp; held among others on Anzer island.

On 05.07.1932 tried again in a process against Catholic priests held in SLON camp — for „illegal” celebration of Holy Eucharist.

As a result on 22.07.1932 transported to Sankt Petersburg.

There given a chance of a release for a price of tracking and reporting on one of French clerics in Moscow.

Refused and in 12.1933 arrested again.

On 25.11.1934 sentenced to 3 years of prison.

Held in Orel? prison.

Prob. released on 25.11.1935 (or in 1934) and exiled to Tashkent in Uzbekistan.

There on 19.07.1937 arrested again.

Accused of „spreading counter–revolutionary propaganda and membership of counter–revolutionary organisation” and sentenced to death by the genocidal Special Council NKVD kangaroo court (known as „Troika NKVD”). Murdered in prison.

alt. details of death

According to some sources lived in Tashkent at least till 1949 —this however possibly points out towards Fr Joseph Sowiński instead.

cause of death

murder

perpetrators

Russians

date and place
of birth

17.11.1880

Skokitoday: Skoki gm., Wągrowiec pow., Greater Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]

alt. dates and places
of birth

01.01.1886, 1873

Poznańtoday: Poznań city pow., Greater Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

1907

positions held

1932 – 1933

priest {church: Sankt Petersburgtoday: Saint Petersburg city, Russia, St Casimir; and other churches, temples}

c. 1923 – 1927

administrator {parish: Kunivtoday: Iziaslav urban hrom., Shepetivka rai., Proskuriv/Khmelnytskyi obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02]
, main parish Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary; dean.: Zaslavtoday: Iziaslav urban hrom., Shepetivka rai., Proskuriv/Khmelnytskyi obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17]
}

c. 1920 – 1922

administrator {parish: Liakhivtsitoday: Bilohirya, Bilohirya hrom., Shepetivka rai., Proskuriv/Khmelnytskyi obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17]
, Holy Trinity; dean.: Ostrohtoday: Ostroh urban hrom., Rivne rai., Rivne obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17]
}

1917 – 1918

priest {Lutsktoday: Lutsk city rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17]
}

1917 – 1918

priest {Kremenetstoday: Kremenets urban hrom., Kremenets rai., Ternopil obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.10.18]
}

1918

administrator {parish: Bakhmuttoday: Bakhmut urban hrom., Bakhmut rai., Donetsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17]
}

1911 – 1917

administrator {parish: Mariupoltoday: Mariupol urban hrom., Mariupol rai., Donetsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.08.05]
; dean.: Berdyansktoday: Berdyansk urban hrom., Berdyansk rai., Zaporizhia obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
}

student {Sankt Petersburgtoday: Saint Petersburg city, Russia, philosophy and theology, Imperial Roman Catholic Spiritual Academy (1842‑1918)}, or Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome

till 1907

student {Włocławektoday: Włocławek city pow., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
, philosophy and theology, Theological Seminary}, or Department of Philosophy and History at the University of Wrocław

comments

Possibly identical with Fr Joseph Sowiński.

others related
in death

SAWIŃSKIClick to display biography Joseph

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

11.08.1937 Russian genocide: On 11.08.1937 Russian leader Stalin decided and NKWD head, Nicholas Jeżow, signed a „Polish operation” executive order no 00485. 139,835 Poles living in Russia were thus sentenced summarily to death. According to the records of the „Memorial” International Association for Historical, Educational, Charitable and Defense of Human Rights ” (Rus. Международное историко–просветительское, правозащитное и благотворительное общество „Мемориал”), specialising with historical research and promoting knowledge about the victims of Russian repressions — 111,091 were murdered. 28,744 were sentenced to deportation to concentration camps in Gulag. Altogether however more than 100,000 Poles were deported, mainly to Kazakhstan, Siberia, Kharkov and Dniepropetrovsk. According to some historians, the number of victims should be multiplied by at least two, because not only the named persons were murdered, but entire Polish families (the mere suspicion of Polish nationality was sufficient). Taking into account the fact that the given number does not include the genocide in eastern Russia (Siberia), the number of victims may be as high as 500,000 Poles. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14]
)

Great Purge 1937: In the summer of 1937 Polish Catholic priests held in Solovetsky Islands, Anzer Island and BelBaltLag were locked in prison cells (some in Sankt Petersburg). Next in a few kangaroo, murderous Russian trials (on 09.10.1937, 25.11.1937, among others) run by so‑called „Troika NKVD” all were sentenced to death. They were subsequently executed by a single shot to the back of the head. The murders took place either in Sankt Petersburg prison or directly in places of mass murder, e.g. Sandarmokh or Levashov Wilderness, where their bodies were dumped into the ditches. Other priests were arrested in the places they still ministered in and next murdered in local NKVD headquarters (e.g. in Minsk in Belarus), after equally genocidal trials run by aforementioned „Troika NKVD” kangaroo courts.

Forced exile: One of the standard Russian forms of repression. The prisoners were usually taken to a small village in the middle of nowhere — somewhere in Siberia, in far north or far east — dropped out of the train carriage or a cart, left out without means of subsistence or place to live. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20]
)

Sankt Petersburg (Kresty): Russian prison in Sankt Petersburg where many Polish priests were kept captive. Many of them were also murdered there. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20]
)

Solovetsky Islands: Solovetsky Special Purpose Camp SLON (ros. Солове́цкий ла́герь осо́бого назначе́ния) — Russian concentration camp and forced labour camp, on Solovetsky Islands, in operation from 1923 and initially founded on the site of famous former Orthodox monastery. Functioned till 1939 (in 1936‑9 as a prison). In 1920 the largest concentration camp in Russia. Place of slave labour and murder of hundreds of mainly Christian, including Catholic, priests, especially in 1920s and 1930s. The concept of future Russian slave labour concentration camps system Gulag its beginnings prob. can trace to camps of Solovetsky Islands — from there spread to the camps along Belamor canal (Baltic Sea — White Sea), and from there to all regions of Russian state. From the network of camps on Solovetsky Islands — also called Solovetsky Archipelago — Alexander Solzhenitsyn prob. formed his famous term of „Gulag Archipelago”. It is estimated that tens to hundreds of thousands prisoners were held in Solovetsky Islands camps. In 1937‑8 c. 9.500 prisoners were brought out of the camp and murdered in a number of execution sites, including Sandarmokh and Lodeynoye Polye, including many Catholic priests. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09]
)

Gulag: Network of Russian slave labour concentration camps. At any given time up to 12 mln inmates where held in them, milions perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09]
)

Moscow (Butyrki): Harsh transit and interrogation prison in Moscow — for political prisoners — where Russians held and murdered thousands of Poles. Founded prob. in XVII century. In XIX century many Polish insurgents (Polish uprisings of 1831 and 1863) were held there. During Communist regime a place of internment for political prisoners prior to a transfer to Russian slave labour complex Gulag. During the Great Purge c. 20,000 inmates were held there at any time (c. 170 in every cell). Thousands were murdered. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.01]
)

Kiev (Lyukyanivska): Russian political prison in Kiev run by criminal NKVD. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.09.21]
)

Polish-Russian war of 1919—21: War for independence of Poland and its borders. Poland regained independence in 1918 but had to fight for its borders with former imperial powers, in particular Russia. Russia planned to incite Bolshevik–like revolutions in the Western Europe and thus invaded Poland. Russian invaders were defeated in 08.1920 in a battle called Warsaw battle („Vistula river miracle”, one of the 10 most important battles in history, according to some historians). Thanks to this victory Poland recaptured part of the lands lost during partitions of Poland in XVIII century, and Europe was saved from the genocidal Communism. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20]
)

Greater Poland Uprising: Military insurrection of Poles living in Posen Provinz (Eng. Poznań province) launched against German Reich in 1918‑9 aiming to incorporate lands captured by Prussia during partitions of Poland in XVIII century into Poland, reborn in 1918. Started on 27.12.1918 in Poznań and finished with total Polish victory on 16.02.1919 by a ceasefire in Trier. Many Polish priests took part in the Uprising, both as chaplains of the insurgents units and members and leaders of the Polish agencies and councils set up in the areas covered by the Uprising. In 1939 after German invasion of Poland and start of the II World war those priests were particularly persecuted by the Germans and majority of them were murdered. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.08.14]
)

sources

personal:
biographies.library.nd.eduClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20]
, mytashkent.uzClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13]
, cathol.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13]
, christking.infoClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02]
, catholic.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13]

bibliograhical:, „Fate of the Catholic clergy in USSR 1917‑39. Martyrology”, Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, ed. Science Society KUL, 2003, Lublin

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