• OUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA: st Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionOUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

  • St SIGISMUND: St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

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  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: commons.wikimedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: commons.wikimedia.org
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: commons.wikimedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: commons.wikimedia.org
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: commons.wikimedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: commons.wikimedia.org
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: zarubezhje.narod.ru, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: zarubezhje.narod.ru
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: fotopaterik.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: fotopaterik.org
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: pitanov.livejournal.com, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: pitanov.livejournal.com
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: fotopaterik.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: fotopaterik.org
    own collection
  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex), source: www.pstbi.ccas.ru, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    source: www.pstbi.ccas.ru
    own collection

surname

GROMADZKI

surname
versions/aliases

HROMADŚKYJ

forename(s)

Alexander (pl. Aleksander)

religious forename(s)

Alex (pl. Aleksy)

  • GROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex) - Tomb, Epiphany monastery, Krzemieniec, source: ru.wikipedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGROMADZKI Alexander (Abp Alex)
    Tomb, Epiphany monastery, Krzemieniec
    source: ru.wikipedia.org
    own collection

function

archbishop

creed

Eastern Orthodox Churchmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Orthodox Volyn eparchy
Orthodox Grodno-Novogrod eparchymore on
drevo-info.ru
[access: 2020.09.24]

Orthodox Chelm eparchy

academic distinctions

Doctor of Theology

honorary titles

Commander's Cross „Polonia Restituta”more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2019.04.16]

Order of St. Sava (Yugoslavia) 2nd Class – Grand Officermore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.05.30]

Order of the Phoenix 2nd Class (Greece)more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.09.25]

Order of Civil Merit 2nd Class (Bulgaria)more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.09.25]

nationality

Ukrainian

date and place
of death

08.05.1943

Smyhatoday: Smyha hrom., Dubno rai., Rivne obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02]

alt. dates and places
of death

07.05.1943

details of death

During World War I after Russian defeat by German and Austro–Hungarian troops at battle of Gorlice in 05.1915 escaped with most of the clergy of Chełm eparchy to Russia (mass exodus).

During Polish times 1918‑39 supporter of autocephaly of Orthodox Church in Poland.

After German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the II World War, after start of Russian occupation, changed his position and returned under Russian Orthodox Church jurisdiction.

In 06.1941 — before or right after German attack on 22.06.1941 of their erstwhile ally, Russians — arrested by the Russians.

Held in Ternopil prison.

During a genocidal extermination of prisoners in prisons by the Russians forced to go in a „death march” east.

N. Lopushne village n. Kremenets lost consciousness and fell by the roadside.

Regarded as dead left by Russians behind was saved by local peasants.

After start of German occupation became an exarch of Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church recognising Moscow Chruch jurisdiction.

As such condemned murders committed by Ukrainians on Polish population. Murdered by a Ukrainian genocidal OUN/UPA splinter group, OUN‑M, in an ambush, during Ukrainian genocide perpetrated on Poles, known as „Volyn genocide”, not far away from Krements, on the way to Rivne.

cause of death

murder

perpetrators

Ukrainians

date and place
of birth

01.11.1882

Dokudów Pierwszytoday: Biała Podlaska gm., Biała Podlaska pow., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]

alt. dates and places
of birth

13.11.1882

religious vows

11.02.1922 (permanent)

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

30.07.1908 (Chełmtoday: Chełm city pow., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.08.20]
)

positions held

metropolitan of autonomous Ukrainian Orthodox Church (from 25.11.1941) — exarch, f. bishop of Ternopil–Galicia eparchy (1940‑1), f. bishop of Volyn–Kremenets eparchy (from 1934), Archbishop (from 03.07.1928), f. bishop of Grodno–Novohorod eparchy (1923‑34), f. bishop of Grodno eparchy (1922‑3), f. bishop of Lutsk (1922) — vicar of Volyn eparchy, ordained bishop in Lavra in Pochayow on 03.09.1922, f. archimandrite (from 12.02.1922), monastic vows in St John the Merciful in Zahaytsi (11.02.1922), f. rector of Orthodox Theological Seminary of Volyn eparchy i Kremenets (1921‑3), f. delegate of Eparchial Council in Orthodox Teological Seminary in Kremenets (1919‑21), f. member of Eparchial Council of Chełm eparchy (from 1909), f. protoiereus (from 08.01.1919), f. travelling priest in Belarus and Ukraine (1918) — in Bielsk Podlaski, Berestechko and Bobruysk regions, f. supervison of church schools in Kishynew eparchy (1916‑8), f. editor of „Chełm Ruthenia” weekly (from 1914), f. teacher at junior school for boys in Chełm (from 1911) — also minister at gymansium's church, f. member of Missionary Council of Chełm eparchy (from 1910), f. minister of church in Chełm (from 1908), f. teacher of God's Law in lower junior school in Chełm (from 1908), f. PhD student at Orthodox Theological Academy in Kiev (1904‑8), f. theology and philosophy student at Orthodox Theological Seminary in Chełm (till 1904), author of many historical and theological articles and books, divorced

others related
in death

JURKIEWICZClick to display biography Theodore

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

Genocidium Atrox: In 1939‑47, especially in 1943‑4, independent Ukrainian units, mainly belonging to genocidal Ukrainian organizations OUN (political arm) and UPA (military arm), supported by local Ukrainian population, murdered — often in extremely brutal way — in Volyn and surrounding regions of pre‑war Poland, from 130,000 to 180,000 Poles, all civilians: men, women, children, old and young. Polish–Ukrainian conflict that openly emerged during and after I World War (in particular resulting in Polish–Ukrainian war of 1918‑9), that survived and even deepened later when western Ukraine became a part Poland, exploded again after the outbreak of the II World War in 09.1939. During Russian occupation of 1939‑41, when hundreds of thousands of Poles were deported into central Russia, when tens of thousands were murdered (during so‑called Katyń massacres, among others), this open conflict had a limited character, helped by the fact that at that time Ukrainians, Ukrainian nationalists in particular, were also persecuted by the Russians. The worst came after German–Russian war started on 22.06.1941 and German occupation resulted. Initially Ukrainians supported Germans (Ukrainian police was initiated, Ukrainians co—participated in extermination of the Jews and were joining army units fighting alongside Germans). Later when German ambivalent position towards Ukraine became apparent Ukrainians started acting independently. And in 1943 one of the units of aforementioned Ukrainian OUN/UPA organization, in Volyn, started and perpetrated a genocide of Polish population of this region. In mere few weeks OUN/UPA murdered, with Germans passively watching on the sidelines, more than 40,000 Poles. This strategy was consequently approved and adopted by all OUN/UPA organisations and similar genocides took place in Eastern Lesser Poland (part of Ukraine) where more than 20,000 Poles were slaughtered, meeting however with growing resistance from Polish population. Further west, in Chełm, Rzeszów, etc. regions this genocide turned into an extremely bloody conflict. In general genocide, perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists, partly collaborating with German occupants, on vulnerable Polish population took part in hundreds of villages and small towns, where virtually all Polish inhabitants were wiped out. More than 200 priests, religious and nuns perished in this holocaust — known as „Genocidium Atrox” (Eng. „savage genocide”) The nature and purpose of genocide is perhaps best reflected in the song sung by the murderers: „We will slaughter the Poles, we will cut down the Jews, we must conquer the great Ukraine” (ukr. „Поляків виріжем, Євреїв видусим, велику Україну здобути мусим”). This holocaust and conflict ended up in total elimination of Polish population and Polish culture from Ukraine, in enforced deportations in 1944‑5 of remaining Poles from Ukraine and some Ukrainians into Ukraine proper, and finally in deportation of Ukrainians from East‑South to the Western parts of Polish republic prl by Commie‑Nazi Russian controlled Polish security forces („Vistula Action”). (more on: www.swzygmunt.knc.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.06.20]
)

Prison massacres – Ternopil 06.1941: After German attack of Russians on 22.06.1941 Russians murdered prisoners held in Ternopil prison in Ukraine. Prison held more than 1,790 inmates (on the day of German attack; earlier on 10.06.1941 — 1,592; later, after German attack, many others from nearby villages were brought in and Russians did not even manage to register them). Right after German attack c. 217 prisoners (convicted mainly for common crimes) were released. On c. 30.06.1941 c. 1,000‑1,200 people were marched out of town towards east. Those that could not follow were murdered. There rest were finally loaded onto a train and sent to Ural. Their fate remains unknown. Those that remained back in Ternopil were murdered by the Russians in prison itself. It is estimated that Russians managed to murder from few hundred to 1,000 prisoners, mainly Ukrainians, but also Poles and a dozen or so captured Germans. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.26]
)

Ribbentrop-Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the II World War in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called Intelligenzaktion, in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

sources

personal:
pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.06]
, www.kresykedzierzynkozle.home.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.13]
, www.pstbi.ccas.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
,
original images:
commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
, commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14]
, commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14]
, zarubezhje.narod.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
, fotopaterik.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
, pitanov.livejournal.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
, fotopaterik.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
, www.pstbi.ccas.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.25]
, ru.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14]

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