Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
XX century (1914 – 1989)
personal data
religious status
saint
surname
GAGALUK
forename(s)
Anthony (pl. Antoni)
religious forename(s)
Onuphrius (pl. Onufry)
canonisation date
22.06.1993
Council of Bishops of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church
function
archbishop
creed
Eastern Orthodox Churchmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
diocese / province
Orthodox Kursk-Oboyan eparchymore on
ru.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.09.24]
Orthodox Staryi Oskol eparchy
Orthodox Kherson and Odessa eparchymore on
ru.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.09.24]
academic distinctions
Sacred Orthodox Theology Candidate
date and place
of death
01.06.1938
Blagoveshchensktoday: Amur oblast, Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.06.29]
details of death
In 1918‑1919, during Russian civil war — a result of Bolshevik coup in Russian in 11.1917 — abducted by bandits, during a raid on St Gregory's monastery in Krasnyi Mayak where resided. The monastery was destroyed. Released by local peasants moved to nearby Beryslav.
On 10.02.1923, 6 days after his bishop's ordination arrested by Russian Bolsheviks in Yelisavetgrad and accused of opposing the so‑called the renovationist movement in Russian Church („Renovationist", i.e. heretical, Orthodox Church, collaborating with Bolsheviks), not registering in NKVD offices after arrival and espionage. Held in Yelisavetgrad and Odessa. Released on 15.05.1923, after signing the pledge not to return to Odessa.
On 16.10.1923 arrested again by the Russians in Kryvyi Rih, after writing a pastoral letter criticising activities of so‑called Live Church (part of „Renovationist” Church). Held in Kharkiv prison. Released on 16.01.1924, with a ban on leaving Kharkiv.
On 09.12.1925 arrested again. Held in Kharkiv prison. In 1926 transferred to Butyrki prison in Moskow. On 05.11.1926 sentenced by a criminal Russian OGPU court to 3 years of exile in the village of Kudymkar in the Ural mountains.
In 10.1928, while in exile, arrested again and jailed in Tobolsk. On 11.02.1929 deported to the village of Surgut on the Ob River, and then in 09.1929 to the remote village of Uvat.
After the end of exile in 11.1929, without the right to settle in big cities, settled in Stary Oskol (during return, attacked several times, thrown from the train, arrested). Allowed to celebrate liturgy in one church only. Forbidden to visit other churches in the region. Thrice evicted from the apartment where lived.
In 03.1933 arrested yet again and accused of counter–revolutionary activities. After two weeks in Staryi Oskol prison transferred to Voronezh. Released in 06.1933.
In Kursk, where subsequently moved, was allowed to minister in one church only as well.
There on 23.07.1935 arrested yet again. Accused of making homilies too often, illegaly ordaining priests and supporting priests returning from exile — i.e. leading a counter–revolutionary group. On 09.12.1935 sentenced to 10 years of slave labour in Russian concentration camps Gulag.
Till 03.1936 held in the prison in the city of Orzeł. From there transported to the Russian slave labor concentration camp DalLag.
Slaved in the NKVD kolkhoz/farm in Serednyobil village in Amur region.
There on 27.02.1938 — as a prisoner — accused of anti–Russian activities. Taken to Blagoveshchensk prison.
On 17.03.1938 sentenced by Russian genocidal kangaroo court, known as Troika NKVD, to death.
Murdered in an unknown spot, in the group of a dozen or so clerics.
cause of death
mass murder
perpetrators
Russians
date and place
of birth
02.04.1889
Opole Lubelskietoday: Opole Lubelskie gm., Opole Lubelskie pov., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.09.24]
religious vows
05.10.1913 (permanent)
presbyter (holy orders)
ordination
08.12.1913
positions held
30.01.1934
archbishop {Russian Orthodox Church}, dignity conferment
22.11.1933 – 15.12.1935
bishop {Kursktoday: Kursk reg., Kursk oblast, Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.12.11], Russian Orthodox Church; dioc.: Kursk–Oboyan (Orthodox eparchy)}, alternative date of starting this ministry in the eparchy: 05.12.1933
11.08.1933 – 22.11.1933
bishop {Belgorodtoday: Belgorod city reg., Belgorod oblast, Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.07.16], Russian Orthodox Church; dioc.: Kursk–Oboyan (Orthodox eparchy)}, Lat. locum tenens (Eng. „holding reins”), acting („ad interim”)
30.11.1929 – 27.06.1933
bishop {Russian Orthodox Church; dioc.: Stary Oskol (Orthodox eparchy)}, with permission, issued by the Bolsheviks, to serve in only one church in the eparchial capital of Stary Oskol
1924 – 09.12.1925
bishop {Russian Orthodox Church; dioc.: Odessa–Kherson (Orthodox eparchy)}, Lat. locum tenens (Eng. „holding reins”), acting („ad interim”), ministering remotely, till the next arrest
04.02.1923 – 25.10.1926
auxiliary bishop {Yelisavetgradtoday: Kropyvnytskyi, Kropyvnytskyi city rai., Kirovohrad, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17], vicariate, Russian Orthodox Church; dioc.: Odessa–Kherson (Orthodox eparchy)}, arrested by the Bolsheviks 6 days after taking office; basically never returned to the city of his ministry, except for a short stay from 15.05.1923 to 16.10.1923, constantly arrested and sent/deported
04.02.1923
Bishop {Kievtoday: Kiev city rai., Kiev city, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02], Dormition of the Mother of God (Pechersk Lavra), Russian Orthodox Church}, chirotony, i.e. bishop's ordination
1922 – 1923
rector {church: Kryvyi Rihtoday: Kryvyi Rih urban hrom., Kryvyi Rih rai., Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.02.15], Orthodox church St Nicholas the Wonderworker}
1922
Archimandrite, i.e. superior abbot {Russian Orthodox Church}, dignity conferment
c. 1918 – c. 1922
rector {church: Beryslavtoday: Beryslav urban hrom., Beryslav rai., Kherson, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.07.16], Orthodox church Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary}
1915 – 1918
professor {Chervonyi Mayakalso: Krasnyi Mayak
today: Chervonyi Mayak hrom., Beryslav rai., Kherson, Ukraine
more on
ru.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.07.16], Pastoral and Missionary Seminary, St Gregory Orthodox monastery (i.e. Bizyukov monastery)}, lecturer in Orthodox Church history
08.12.1913
hieromonk {Russian Orthodox Church}, presbiter ordination, preceded by deacon ordination and on 05.10.1913 by monk’s vowsa
c. 1912 – 1915
student {Sankt Petersburgtoday: Saint Petersburg city, Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.07.31], philosophy and theology, Orthodox Theological Academy}, postgraduate specialised studies crowned with Sacred Orthodox Theology Candidate's degree
c. 1912
lecturer {Jabłecznatoday: Sławatycze gm., Biała Podlaska pov., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18], St Onuphrius Orthodox stavropegial monastery}, Orthodox theology for future teachers
till c. 1912
student {Chełmtoday: Chełm city pov., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.08.20], philosophy and theology, Orthodox Theological Seminary}
others related
in death
KULHAWIECClick to display biography Simeon, STEPANIUKClick to display biography George, GUDKOClick to display biography Basil (Bp Ambrose), NIKATOWClick to display biography Alex, OSTROUMOWClick to display biography Michael (Bp Seraphim), SAWICKIClick to display biography Yaroslav, SIENKIEWICZClick to display biography Alex, STROCIUKClick to display biography Leontius, BLUMOWICZClick to display biography John, SZACHMUĆClick to display biography Roman (Fr Seraphim), PANASIEWICZClick to display biography Emilian, MIEDWIEDIUKClick to display biography Vladimir, SMOLENIECClick to display biography Alexander (Abp Arsenius), MARCENKOClick to display biography Alexander (Abp Anthony), BORZAKOWSKIClick to display biography Alexander (Abp Agapit), DIERNOWClick to display biography Anatol (Abp Abramius)
murder sites
camp
(+ prisoner no)
11.08.1937 Russian genocide: On 11.08.1937 Russian leader Stalin decided and NKWD head, Nicholas Jeżow, signed a „Polish operation” executive order no 00485. 139,835 Poles living in Russia were thus sentenced summarily to death. According to the records of the „Memorial” International Association for Historical, Educational, Charitable and Defense of Human Rights ” (Rus. Международное историко–просветительское, правозащитное и благотворительное общество „Мемориал”), specialising with historical research and promoting knowledge about the victims of Russian repressions — 111,091 were murdered. 28,744 were sentenced to deportation to concentration camps in Gulag. Altogether however more than 100,000 Poles were deported, mainly to Kazakhstan, Siberia, Kharkov and Dniepropetrovsk. According to some historians, the number of victims should be multiplied by at least two, because not only the named persons were murdered, but entire Polish families (the mere suspicion of Polish nationality was sufficient). Taking into account the fact that the given number does not include the genocide in eastern Russia (Siberia), the number of victims may be as high as 500,000 Poles. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14])
Great Purge 1937: In the summer of 1937 Polish Catholic priests held in Solovetsky Islands, Anzer Island and BelBaltLag were locked in prison cells (some in Sankt Petersburg). Next in a few kangaroo, murderous Russian trials (on 09.10.1937, 25.11.1937, among others) run by so‑called „Troika NKVD” all were sentenced to death. They were subsequently executed by a single shot to the back of the head. The murders took place either in Sankt Petersburg prison or directly in places of mass murder, e.g. Sandarmokh or Levashov Wilderness, where their bodies were dumped into the ditches. Other priests were arrested in the places they still ministered in and next murdered in local NKVD headquarters (e.g. in Minsk in Belarus), after equally genocidal trials run by aforementioned „Troika NKVD” kangaroo courts.
DalLag: Russian concentration camp and forced labour camp — part of the Gulag system — in the Far East, with HQ in Khabarovsk, operational from 10.1929 till 13.04.1939, and subject to the genocidal Russian OGPU and NKVD organizations. Up to 112,490 inmates were held captive there, slaving at logging and timber extraction, mining of minerals — coal and gold, construction of industrial plants (e.g. cement production), roads and railways, regulating the course of rivers (e.g. the Amur river), agricultural work, in fishing fishing and other industries. (more on: www.gulag.memorial.deClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30])
Gulag: Network of Russian slave labour concentration camps. At any given time up to 12 mln inmates where held in them, milions perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09])
Moscow (Butyrki): Harsh transit and interrogation prison in Moscow — for political prisoners — where Russians held and murdered thousands of Poles. Founded prob. in XVII century. In XIX century many Polish insurgents (Polish uprisings of 1831 and 1863) were held there. During Communist regime a place of internment for political prisoners prior to a transfer to Russian slave labour complex Gulag. During the Great Purge c. 20,000 inmates were held there at any time (c. 170 in every cell). Thousands were murdered. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.01])
Forced exile: One of the standard Russian forms of repression. The prisoners were usually taken to a small village in the middle of nowhere — somewhere in Siberia, in far north or far east — dropped out of the train carriage or a cart, left out without means of subsistence or place to live. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])
Kharkiv (prison): Russian criminal prison where in the 1930s a number of Catholic priests were held prior to being sent to Russian concentration camps.
sources
personal:
pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], drevo-info.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], kuz1.pstbi.ccas.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24],
original images:
drevo-info.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], polit.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.pravmir.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], www.kursk-sestry.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], kuz1.pstbi.ccas.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], azbyka.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.k-istine.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], kursk-sestry.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], stefanikka.narod.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.09.24], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19]
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