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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

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    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
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    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

personal data

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surname

KŁONKOWSKI

surname
versions/aliases

KLONOWSKI, KŁONOWSKI

forename(s)

Adalbert Nicodemus (pl. Wojciech Nikodem)

function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Culm (Chełmno) diocesemore on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2012.11.23]

date and place
of death

18.02.1945

Neu Mahlischtoday: Märkisch–Oderland dist., Brandenburg state, Germany
more on
de.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.01.19]

details of death

After German invasion of the Poland on 01.09.1939 (the Russians attacked Poland 17 days later) and the start of World War II, after the beginning of the German occupation, arrested by the Germans on 11.09.1939.  Held, prob. as a hostage, in Wejherowo. Released after two weeks.

Arrested again by the Germans on 08.04.1940 in the parish village of Łebno. Transported to Gdynia and there the next day joined the transport of prisoners from KL Stutthof, including many priests, to the KL Sachsenhausen concentration camp (transport of 09‑10.04.1940).

From there, on 14.12.1940, transported to KL Dachau concentration camp.

As a result of the efforts of his mother and the head of the German political police Gestapo in Gdynia, released on 12.11.1942, but with a ban on conducting pastoral work.

From 01.06.1943 worked as an accountant in a bank in Gdynia, residing in the Orłowo district.

On 26.04.1944 drafted into active service in the German Wehrmacht army, in the grenadier regiment in Erfurt, as a soldier (only on Sundays could celebrate Holy Mass in the cathedral in Erfurt). On 08.05.1944 transferred to sanitary service.

In c. 01–02.1945 sent to the Eastern Front.

He died during frontline fighting, in unknown circumstances, c. 10 km from the Oder River.

On 01.02.1945 the Russians reached the area of Kostrzyn an der Oder and Frankfurt an der Oder, and captured several footholds on the western bank of the Oder river. The Oder Line was the westernmost boudary of the so‑called the Vistula–Oder operation, before the final assault on Berlin and was strongly defended by the Germans, including by the so‑called Germ. Festungs–Division Frankfurt/Oder (Eng. Fortress Division Frankfurt an der Oder), subordinated to the 5th SS Corps of the 9th Army, within the Germ. Heeresgruppe Weichsel. It included four Grenadier Regiments (may have served in one of them). The Oder line was finally breached on 16‑20.04.1945, as part of the so‑called Berlin operation. By then had been dead for over 2 months.

cause of death

warfare

perpetrators

Germans / Russians

date and place
of birth

12.01.1909

Bydgoszcztoday: Bydgoszcz city pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.20]

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

19.12.1931 (Pelplintoday: Pelplin gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.05.06]
)

positions held

1938 – 1940

curatus/rector/expositus — Łebnotoday: Szemud gm., Wejherowo pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ Our Lady the Queen of Poland RC curacy ⋄ Żukowotoday: Żukowo gm., Kartuzy pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

1935 – 1938

curatus/rector/expositus — Cichetoday: Zbiczno gm., Brodnica pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St Stanislav the Bishop and Martyr RC church ⋄ Łąkorztoday: Biskupiec gm., Nowe Miasto Lubawskie pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
, St Nicholas the Bishop and Confessor RC parish ⋄ Nowe Miasto Lubawskietoday: Nowe Miasto Lubawskie urban gm., Nowe Miasto Lubawskie pov., Warmia–Masuria voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

1934 – 1935

curatus/rector/expositus — Brudzawytoday: Bobrowo gm., Brodnica pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St Andrew the Apostle RC church ⋄ Kruszynytoday: Bobrowo gm., Brodnica pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
, St Nicholas the Bishop and Confessor and Good Shepherd RC parish ⋄ Brodnicatoday: Brodnica urban gm., Brodnica pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
RC deanery

1933 – 1934

vicar — Brudzawytoday: Bobrowo gm., Brodnica pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
⋄ St Andrew the Apostle RC church ⋄ Kruszynytoday: Bobrowo gm., Brodnica pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
, St Nicholas the Bishop and Confessor and Good Shepherd RC parish ⋄ Brodnicatoday: Brodnica urban gm., Brodnica pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
RC deanery

1932

administrator — Ryteltoday: Czersk gm., Chojnice pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.16]
⋄ Blessed Virgin Mary, Queen of Holy Rosary RC parish ⋄ Czersktoday: Czersk gm., Chojnice pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery — acting („ad interim”)

1932

vicar — Ryteltoday: Czersk gm., Chojnice pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.16]
⋄ Blessed Virgin Mary, Queen of Holy Rosary RC parish ⋄ Czersktoday: Czersk gm., Chojnice pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery

1932

vicar — Śliwicetoday: Śliwice gm., Tuchola pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2010.08.11]
⋄ St Catherine of Alexandria the Virgin and Martyr RC parish ⋄ Czersktoday: Czersk gm., Chojnice pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02]
RC deanery — prob.

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

KL Dachau (prisoner no: 22448Click to display biography): KL Dachau in German Bavaria, set up in 1933, became the main concentration camp for Catholic priests and religious during World War II: On c. 09.11.1940, Reichsführer–SS Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, Gestapo and German police, as a result of the Vatican's intervention, decided to transfer all clergymen detained in various concentration camps to KL Dachau camp. The first major transports took place on 08.12.1940. In KL Dachau Germans held approx. 3,000 priests, including 1,800 Poles. The priests were forced to slave labor in the Germ. „Die Plantage” — the largest herb garden in Europe, managed by the genocidal SS, consisting of many greenhouses, laboratory buildings and arable land, where experiments with new natural medicines were conducted — for many hours, without breaks, without protective clothing, no food. They slaved in construction, e.g. of camp's crematorium. In the barracks ruled hunger, freezing cold in the winter and suffocating heat during the summer. Prisoners suffered from bouts of illnesses, including tuberculosis. Many were victims of murderous „medical experiments” — in 11.1942 c. 20 were given phlegmon injections; in 07.1942 to 05.1944 c. 120 were used by for malaria experiments. More than 750 Polish clerics where murdered by the Germans, some brought to Schloss Hartheim euthanasia centre and murdered in gas chambers. At its peak KL Dachau concentration camps’ system had nearly 100 slave labour sub–camps located throughout southern Germany and Austria. There were c. 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands perished without a trace. C. 10,000 of the 30,000 inmates were found sick at the time of liberation, on 29.04.1945, by the USA troops… (more on: www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.deClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.10]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.05.30]
)

KL Sachsenhausen (prisoner no: 21467): In KL Sachsenhausen concentration camp, set up in the former Olympic village in 07.1936, hundreds of Polish priests were held in 1940, before being transported to KL Dachau. Some of them perished in KL Sachsenhausen. Murderous medical experiments on prisoners were carried out in the camp. In 1942‑1944 c. 140 prisoners slaved at manufacturing false British pounds, passports, visas, stamps and other documents. Other prisoners also had to do slave work, for Heinkel aircraft manufacturer, AEG and Siemens among others. On average c. 50,000 prisoners were held at any time. Altogether more than 200,000 inmates were in jailed in KL Sachsenhausen and its branched, out of which tens of thousands perished. Prior to Russian arrival mass evacuation was ordered by the Germans and c. 80,000 prisoners were marched west in so‑called „death marches” to other camps, i.e. KL Mauthausen–Gusen and KL Bergen–Belsen. The camp got liberated on 22.04.1945. After end of armed hostilities Germans set up there secret camp for German prisoners and „suspicious” Russian soldiers. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18]
)

KL Stutthof: In KL Stutthof (then in Eastern Prussian belonging to Germany, today: Sztutowo village) concentration camp, that Germans started to build on 02.09.1939, a day after German invasion of Poland and start of the World War II, Germans held c. 100‑127 thousands prisoners from 28 countries, including 47 thousands women and children. C. 65,000 victims were murdered and exterminated. In the period of 25.01–27.04.1945 in the face of approaching Russian army Germans evacuated the camp. When on 09.05.1945 Russians soldiers entered the camp only 100 prisoners were still there. In an initial period (1939‑40) Polish Catholic priests from Pomerania were held captive there before being transported to KL Dachau concentration camp. Some of them were murdered in KL Stutthof or vicinity (for instance in Stegna forest). Also later some Catholic priests were held in KL Stutthof. (more on: stutthof.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.07.06]
)

«Intelligenzaktion»: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‑called General Governorate where it was called «AB‑aktion». During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04]
)

Collective responsibility („Hostages”): A criminal practice implemented by the Germans in the occupied territories of Poland, applied from the very first day of World War II. At its core was an appointment and public announcement of a list of names of selected people whose lives depended on absolute compliance with German orders. Any violation of these ordinances, by any person, regardless of the circumstances, resulted in the murder of the designated „hostages”. In the first days of the war and occupation, it was used i.a. by the German Wehrmacht army to prevent acts of continuation of the defense by the Poles. Later, especially in the German–run General Governorate, it was part of the official policy of the occupation authorities — collective responsibility for any acts of resistance to the occupier's practices. For the life of one German, even if death was due to customary reasons, the Germans carried out executions from a dozen to even a hundred Poles previously designated as „hostages”.

Ribbentrop-Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic–pre–Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
, www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
)

sources

personal:
w.icm.edu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.13]
, www.kpbc.ukw.edu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04]

bibliographical:
Martyrology of the Polish Roman Catholic clergy under nazi occupation in 1939‑1945”, Victor Jacewicz, John Woś, vol. I‑V, Warsaw Theological Academy, 1977‑1981
Biographical dictionary of priests ordained in the years 1921‑1945 working in the Chełmno diocese”, Fr Anastasius Nadolny, prof., Bernardinum publishing house 2021

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MARTYROLOGY: KŁONKOWSKI Adalbert Nicodemus

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